Hemorheological Alterations in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Treated by Resveratrol
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to the treatment arms.
Resveratrol ()
Placebo ()
Age (year)
Male
22 (73%)
21 (70%)
Ejection fraction (%)
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)
Serum creatinine (μmol/l)
Sys. BP (mmHg)
Dias. BP (mmHg)
Heart rate (beat/min)
Etiological factors
Ischemic heart disease
17 (56.7%)
17 (56.7%)
Nonischemic (alcohol, chemotherapy, and myocarditis)
13 (43.3%)
13 (43.3%)
Risk factors, comorbidities
Hypertension
22 (73%)
23 (76%)
Diabetes
13 (43%)
14 (46%)
Smoking
11 (36%)
8 (27%)
Pulmonary diseases (asthma, COPD)
7 (23%)
8 (27%)
BMI (kg/m2)
Target heart rate (>70/min)
23 (76.7%)
20 (66.7%)
Atrial fibrillation
7 (23%)
10 (33.3%)
Concomitant treatment
ACE inhibitor/ARB
28 (93%)
29 (97%)
Beta-blocker
29 (97%)
28 (93%)
MRA
23 (76.7%)
21 (70%)
Ivabradine
6 (20%)
6 (20%)
Diuretics
Loop diuretics (furosemide, etacrynic acid)
27 (90%)
28 (93%)
Thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics (hypothiazide, indapamide, etc.)
8 (27%)
9 (30%)
Device therapy
CRT-P/D
9 (30%)
7 (23.2%)
ICD
4 (13%)
3 (10%)
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to the treatment arms. Values are expressed as . There were no significant differences in characteristics between RES- (resveratrol-) and placebo-treated groups at baseline. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT-P/D: cardiac resynchronization therapy-pacemaker/defibrillator; Dias. BP: diastolic blood pressure; ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NT-proBNP: N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; Sys. BP: systolic blood pressure.
