Clinical Outcome between Ticagrelor versus Clopidogrel in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Diabetes

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of ACS patients with diabetes.

	Total ()	Ticagrelor plus aspirin ()	Clopidogrel plus aspirin ()	value
Age, years	64.0 (57.0–69.0)	64.0 (56.0–68.0)	64.0 (57.0–69.0)	0.671
Males, (%)	86 (32.3%)	39 (29.3%)	47 (35.3%)	0.294
BMI, kg/m^2	24.8 (22.9–27.3)	24.8 (23.0–27.6)	24.8 (22.8–26.8)	0.404
Current smoker, (%)	141 (53.0%)	73 (54.9%)	68 (51.1%)	0.539
Current drinking, (%)	107 (40.2%)	52 (39.1%)	55 (41.4%)	0.708
UAP, (%)	199 (74.8%)	96 (72.2%)	103 (77.4%)	0.323
STEMI, (%)	32 (12.0%)	19 (14.3%)	13 (9.8%)	0.258
NSTEMI, (%)	35 (13.2%)	18 (13.5%)	17 (12.8%)	0.856
Heart rate, bpm	78.0 (70.0–87.0)	78.0 (71.0–88.0)	78.0 (68.5–86.0)	0.402
SBP, mmHg	131.5 (117.0–144.3)	132.0 (115.0–149.5)	131.0 (118.0–142.0)	0.682
DBP, mmHg	73.0 (63.0–82.0)	73.0 (61.5–82.0)	73.0 (65.0–81.5)	0.687
History
Previous MI, (%)	34 (12.8%)	21 (15.8%)	12 (9.8%)	0.142
Previous coronary stent implantation, (%)	46 (17.3%)	26 (19.5%)	20 (15.0%)	0.331
Previous GI bleeding, (%)	8 (3.0%)	4 (3.0%)	4 (3.0%)	1.000
Hypertension, (%)	176 (66.2%)	80 (60.2%)	96 (72.2%)	0.038
Hyperuricemia, (%)	15 (5.6%)	6 (4.5%)	9 (6.8%)	0.425
Hyperlipemia, (%)	57 (21.4%)	28 (21.1%)	29 (21.8%)	0.881
Liver insufficiency, (%)	11 (4.1%)	8 (63.0%)	3 (2.3%)	0.124
Chronic kidney disease, (%)	30 (11.3%)	20 (15.0%)	10 (7.5%)	0.053
Ischemic stroke, (%)	22 (8.3%)	9 (6.8%)	13 (9.8%)	0.373
Medication
Statins, (%)	262 (98.5%)	132 (99.2%)	130 (97.7%)	0.314
Nitrate, (%)	66 (24.8%)	32 (24.1%)	34 (25.6%)	0.776
Beta blockers, (%)	198 (74.7%)	97 (72.9%)	101 (76.5%)	0.502
RAAS inhibitors, (%)	192 (72.5%)	91 (68.9%)	101 (75.9%)	0.202
Calcium channel blockers, (%)	71 (26.7%)	33 (24.8%)	38 (28.6%)	0.488
Proton pump inhibitors, (%)	148 (55.6%)	76 (57.2%)	72 (54.1%)	0.622
Insulin, (%)	95 (35.7%)	52 (39.1%)	43 (32.3%)	0.249
Metformin, (%)	120 (45.1%)	57 (42.9%)	63 (47.4%)	0.460
Acarbose, (%)	74 (27.8%)	33 (24.8%)	41 (30.8%)	0.274
Other hypoglycemic agents, (%)	97 (36.5%)	42 (31.6%)	55 (41.4%)	0.098
Biomedical indicators
Leukocyte, 10^9/L	6.9 (5.9–8.2)	7.0 (5.9–8.3)	6.8 (5.9–8.1)	0.534
Hemoglobin, g/L	130.0 (118.0–142.0)	131.0 (116.5–143.0)	129.0 (119.0–141.5)	0.802
Platelets, 10^9/L	189.5 (150.0–220.3)	189.0 (155.0–224.0)	188.0 (146.5–219.0)	0.597
Mean platelet volume, fL	11.5 (10.4–12.6)	11.4 (10.4–12.5)	11.6 (10.4–12.6)	0.413
Platelet distribution width, fL	16.0 (13.8–17.1)	15.5 (13.7–17.0)	16.2 (14.0–17.3)	0.124
ALT, U/L	23.7 (17.1–36.3)	23.7 (17.4–37.5)	23.7 (16.8–36.3)	0.773
AST, U/L	21.1 (16.1–28.3)	21.1 (16.3–29.2)	20.6 (15.6–26.1)	0.369
Creatinine, μmol/L	76.2 (63.0–88.4)	77.3 (65.0–88.7)	74.5 (61.3–88.4)	0.317
eGFR, mL/min	88.0 (73.0–96.0)	88.0 (74.5–95.0)	88.0 (73.0–97.0)	0.906
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	3.7 (3.1–4.5)	3.7 (3.1–4.5)	3.7 (3.1–4.5)	0.437
Triglyceride, mmol/L	1.5 (1.1–2.1)	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	1.5 (1.2–2.1)	0.085
Glycosylated hemoglobin, %	7.7 (6.8–8.9)	7.7 (6.8–9.2)	7.7 (6.8–8.7)	0.565
Coronary angiography
Single-vessel disease, (%)	42 (15.8%)	18 (13.5%)	24 (18.0%)	0.313
Double-vessel disease, (%)	105 (39.5%)	48 (36.1%)	57 (42.9%)	0.258
Triple-vessel disease, (%)	119 (44.7%)	67 (50.4%)	52 (39.1%)	0.064

Data were expressed as (%) and median (IQR). IQR: interquartile range; value, Mann-Whitney test, or Pearson chi-square test; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; GI: gastrointestinal; MI: myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; SBP: systolic blood pressure; RAAS: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; UAP: unstable angina pectoris.