KCa3.1 Promotes Proinflammatory Exosome Secretion by Activating AKT/Rab27a in Atrial Myocytes during Rapid Pacing

Figure 1

Canine electrophysiological examination during programmed stimulation. (a) The state of atrial fibrillation (AF) could not be induced in the sham group, and the state of AF was induced in the pacing group, while the state of AF was no more than 5 seconds in the pacing+TRAM-34 group. (b) Effective refractory period in different parts of the atrium. TRAM-34 increased the ERP of RIPV, LSPV, and LIPV after rapid atrial pacing. (c) Difference in AF inducibility, as shown by the number of episodes. (d) Difference in mean AF durations. (e) Difference in the dispersed effective refractory period. The data are presented as the of six biological replicates. , , and vs. sham group; ^# and ^## vs. pacing group. Abbreviations: RA: right atrium; RSPV: right superior pulmonary vein; RIPV: right inferior pulmonary vein; LA: left atrium; LSPV: left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV: left inferior pulmonary vein; ERP: effective refractory period.

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