The Effect of Clinically Indicated Liraglutide on Pericoronary Adipose Tissue in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of T2DM patients, total and stratified by liraglutide treatment.

	Total	Lira+	Lira-	value
Age (years)				0.835
Male, (%)	140 (74)	36 (68)	104 (76)	0.262
T2DM duration (years),				<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2),				0.004
Hypertension, (%)	185 (97)	53 (100)	132 (96)	0.159
Dyslipidemia, (%)	183 (96)	52 (98)	131 (96)	0.413
Active smoker, (%)	71 (37)	25 (47)	46 (34)	0.082
Pack years (years/20 cigarettes daily),				0.340
Tube voltage (kV), median (IQR)	120 (100-140)	120 (100-120)	100 (100-140)	0.271
Medication
Insulin, (%)	82 (43)	25 (47)	57 (42)	0.487
Metformin, (%)	158 (83)	50 (94)	108 (79)	0.010
Sulfonylurea, (%)	30 (16)	14 (26)	16 (12)	0.012
SGLT2 inhibitor, (%)	18 (9)	8 (15)	10 (7)	0.100
Lipid-lowering, (%)	152 (80)	47 (89)	105 (77)	0.063
Lipid-lowering duration (years),				0.016
Antihypertensive, (%)	138 (73)	39 (74)	99 (72)	0.855
Laboratory findings
HbA1c (mmol/L),				<0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L),				0.408
LDL (mmol/L),				0.463
HDL (mmol/L),				0.472
Triglycerides (mmol/L),				0.006
Inflammatory markers
hsCRP (mg/L), median (IQR)	1.4 (0.6-3.4)	1.3 (0.6-3.6)	1.4 (0.6-3.2)	0.992
Leukocytes,				0.948
Neutrophils,				0.785

Abbreviations: T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; Lira+: in clinically indicated liraglutide treatment; Lira-: no liraglutide treatment; SD: standard deviation; : number; IQR: interquartile range; BMI: body mass index; SGLT2: sodium glucose cotransport 2; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; LDL: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Patients were categorized as having hypertension if a blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg was measured on two separate occasions or if patients received antihypertensive drugs. Patients were categorized as having dyslipidemia if (1) LDL cholesterol >2.6 mmol/L, (2) HDL cholesterol <1.3 mmol/L, (3) triglycerides >1.7 mmol/L, or (4) if patients received lipid-lowering drugs.