Improving Health Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Short-Term Protocols of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study participants.

	Exercise-based program		Nonexercise-based program
	HIIT ()	MICT ()	Control ()
Demographics
Age (years),
>70 years, (%)	2 (8.7)	3 (13.0)	4 (17.4)
Gender (male/female)	20/3	19/4	20/3
Retired, (%)	2 (8.7)	7 (30.4)	7 (30.4)
Anterior MI, (%)	3 (13.0)	4 (17.4)	2 (8.7)
Coronary event/intervention
CABG, (%)	1 (4.3)	1 (4.3)	1 (4.3)
PCI, (%)	22 (95.7)	22 (95.7)	22 (95.7)
Risk factors or comorbidities
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	10 (43.5)	9 (39.1)	10 (43.5)
Hypertension, (%)	13 (56.5)	13 (56.5)	14 (60.9)
Dyslipidemia, (%)	14 (60.9)	15 (65.2)	15 (65.2)
Body mass index (kg/m^2),
Waist circumference (cm),
Active smoker, (%)	6 (26.1)	4 (17.4)	4 (17.4)
Nonsmoker, but has been, (%)	9 (39.1)	13 (56.5)	12 (52.2)
Family history of CVD, (%)	14 (60.9)	16 (69.6)	16 (69.6)
Sedentarism, (%)	13 (56.5)	19 (82.6)	19 (82.6)
h, (%)	6 (26.1)	9 (39.1)	11 (47.8)
Current medication
ACE inhibitor, (%)	21 (91.3)	23 (100)	22 (95.7)
ARBs, (%)	16 (69.6)	7 (73.9)	11 (47.8)
Antiplatelet, (%)	22 (95.7)	22 (95.7)	23 (100)
CCBs, (%)	2 (8.7)	5 (21.7)	5 (21.7)
Beta-blockers, (%)	21 (91.3)	22 (95.7)	22 (95.7)
Diuretics, (%)	2 (8.7)	4 (17.4)	6 (26.1)
Insulin, (%)	5 (21.7)	5 (21.7)	11 (47.8)
Statin, (%)	22 (95.7)	22 (95.7)	23 (100)

ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARBs = angiotensin II receptor blockers; CCBs = calcium channel blockers; HIIT = high-intensity interval training; MI = myocardial infarction; MICT = moderate-intensity continuous training; VO₂peak = maximal oxygen consumed. Data are reported as or number and percent population (%). Significance is <0.05.