Valsartan Attenuated Homocysteine-Induced Impaired Autophagy and ER Stress in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Figure 1

Hcy induced impaired autophagy, ER stress, and RAS in HUVECs. (a, b) Representative immunoblots and corresponding densitometry analysis of autophagy, ER stress markers, and apoptosis protein abundance in the HUVECs of CTL and Hcy treatment at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. (c, d) Representative immunoblots and corresponding densitometry analysis of AT1 protein in Hcy-treated HUVECs with or without valsartan. (e) Cell viability was assessed by CCK8 assay in Hcy-treat HUVECs with AT1 receptor blocker valsartan. Data are shown as ; compared with the CTL group; ^# compared with the Hcy group.

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