A New Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm with Exponential Function Adaptive Steps

Algorithm 2

Initialize the population size .

The random initialization phase

for to do

 for to do

         ,   ()

 end for

end for

The opposition-based learning phase

for to do

 for to do

         ,        ()

 end for

end for

where and are the same as in (4). Choosing the best adaptive value of

individual from as initial population.