Vertical Suspension Optimization for a High-Speed Train with PSO Intelligent Method

Table 6

The RMS of train body pitch acceleration (rad/s²) and improvement (%).

Layouts		Speeds
		300 km/h	350 km/h	380 km/h
S1	J2	0.0054	0.0062	0.0067
S2	J2	0.0035	0.0040	0.0042
	Impro.	34.56%	34.83%	35.69%
S3	J2	0.0024	0.0027	0.0028
	Impro.	55.37%	56.96%	57.76%
S4	J2	0.0037	0.0038	0.0042
	Impro.	31.77%	37.79%	37.41%
S5	J2	0.0022	0.0022	0.0021
	Impro.	58.19%	64.74%	68.27%