Vertical Suspension Optimization for a High-Speed Train with PSO Intelligent Method

Table 7

The RMS of train body vertical displacement (m) and improvement (%).

Layouts		Speeds
		300 km/h	350 km/h	380 km/h
S1	J3	0.003288	0.003254	0.003229
S2	J3	0.003440	0.003384	0.003345
	Impro.	−4.64%	−4.00%	−3.58%
S3	J3	0.002059	0.002021	0.001993
	Impro.	37.38%	37.92%	38.27%
S4	J3	0.003399	0.003345	0.003306
	Impro.	−3.38%	−2.77%	−2.38%
S5	J3	0.004171	0.004168	0.004149
	Impro.	−26.88%	−28.05%	−28.50%