[Retracted] A Data-Driven Control Strategy for Urban Express Ramp

Table 5

Comparison of evaluation indicators under different control scenarios.

Evaluation index	No control	Cooperative control	Improve effect (%)	Joint control	Improve effect (%)
Total travel time/	136	121	11.03	108	20.59
Mainline vehicle travel time/	78	71	8.97	66	15.38
Average delay time/	40.46	32.73	19.11	27.15	32.9
Speed difference/	9.1	7.4	18.68	6.0	34.07