Research Article
[Retracted] Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Improving Pupils’ Deep Learning in Primary School Mathematics Teaching in Fujian Province
| | Variable | Mean | Std. dev. | Min | Max |
| Full sample (n = 23,143) | 1. | Gender (1 = male) | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0 | 1.10 | 2. | Age (years) | 12.35 | 1.22 | 8.00 | 15.00 |
| Guizhou and Jiangxi sample (n = 16,253) | 3. | At school, students live (1 = yes) | 0.15 | 0.33 | 0 | 1.01 | 4. | Socioeconomic disadvantage (1 = yes) | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0 | 1.01 |
| Shaanxi sample (n = 5,700) | 5. | Gender (1 = male) | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0 | 1.10 | 6. | Age (years) | 10.88 | 1.23 | 8.00 | 15.20 | 7. | Type of hukou (1 = rural hukou) | 0.87 | 0.37 | 0 | 1.00 |
| Guizhou sample (n = 2,658) | 8. | Gender (1 = male) | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0 | 1.10 | 9. | Age (years) | 11.48 | 1.50 | 7.00 | 15.00 | 10. | At school, students live (1 = yes) | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0 | 1.10 | 11. | Socioeconomic disadvantage (1 = yes) | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0 | 1.10 |
| Jiangxi sample (n = 13,995) | 12. | Gender (1 = male) | 0.56 | 0.52 | 0 | 1 | 13. | Age (years) | 11.46 | 1.09 | 7.00 | 15.00 | 14. | At school, students live (1 = yes) | 0.20 | 0.36 | 0 | 1 | 15. | Socioeconomic disadvantage (1 = yes) | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0 | 1 |
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