Financial Fraud Identification Based on Stacking Ensemble Learning Algorithm: Introducing MD&A Text Information

Table 5

Comparison of identification results by introduced text information.

Variable	Accuracy	Precision	Recall	F1-score	AUC
F	0.8447	0.8654	0.8333	0.8490	0.8452
F + T	0.8738	0.8571	0.9057	0.8807	0.8733