A Multistrategy-Integrated Learning Sparrow Search Algorithm and Optimization of Engineering Problems

Figure 5

Convergence curves of eight algorithms for ten representatives test functions. Note. (a) corresponds to F1, (b) corresponds to F2, (c) corresponds to F3, (d) corresponds to F4, (e) corresponds to F6, (f) corresponds to F8, (g) corresponds to F9, (h) corresponds to F10, (i) corresponds to F12, and (j) corresponds to F14. The image optimization results of the four functions F5, F7, F11, and F13 have greater advantages and reach the optimal value after a short number of iterations. Since the convergence effect is too good, considering the overall beauty of the image, it will not be displayed.

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