A Multistrategy-Integrated Learning Sparrow Search Algorithm and Optimization of Engineering Problems

Table 7

Best results of the three-bar truss design problem.

Algorithm	Variables			Constraint
	x1	x2				f(X)
GA	0.788915	0.407569	9.64E-07	−1.464873605	−0.53512542	263.8958857
PSO	0.788669	0.408265	4.8650E-07	−1.464082376	−0.535917137	263.8958434
ICA	0.788625	0.408389	8.42E-07	−1.463941244	−0.536057913	263.8958452
CS	0.78867	0.40902	−2.90E-04	−0.26853	−0.73176	263.9716
WCA	0.788651	0.408316	0.00E+00	−1.464024	−0.535975	263.895843
GWO	0.788648	0.408325	3.34E-08	−1.464014397	−0.535985569	263.8960063
ALO	0.788663	0.408283	−5.32E-12	−1.464062005	−0.53593799	263.8958434
MFO	0.788245	0.409467	7.71E-12	−1.462717072	−0.537282927	263.8959796
WSA	0.788683	0.408276	3.00E-10	−1.46407036	−0.53587454	263.8958434
SSA	0.788628	0.408381	5.43E-07	−1.463950108	−0.536049349	263.8957734
IHSSA	0.788674	0.408251	5.13E-09	−1.464098378	−0.535901617	263.8958427