[Retracted] Correlation between Pain Scores and Disc Height Changes after Discectomy in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Basic characteristics, intervention measures, intervention time and outcome indicators of the included literature.

Author and date of publication	Study design	Mean age (year)	Patients number	Surgery type	Surgery level	Follow-up time	DH method	Correlation coefficient	Outcomes
Ren C [10]	Prospective cohort study	45.6 ± 12.2	54	PELD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1 years	Method 1	0.338	1/2/3/4/5
Choi KC [11]	Retrospective cohort study	38.3 ± 10.3	100	PELD	L5-S1	2 years	Method 2	0.464	1/2/3/5
Lee JH [12]	Prospective cohort study	48.6 ± 6.3	42	PELD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1 years	Method 1	0.255	1/2/3/4/5
Cho PG [13]	RCT	42.6 ± 11.5	30	CLD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1 years	Method 1	0.521	1/2/3/4/5
Wu Q [14] 2021	Prospective cohort study	46.2 ± 12	100	CLD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1.1 years	Method 1	0.335	1/2/3/4/5
Li Z [15]	Retrospective cohort study	38	72	CLD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	2.3 years	Method 1	0.128	1/2/3/4/6
Lequin MB [16]	Prospective cohort study	42.3 ± 11.4	45	CLD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1 years	Method 3	0.299	1/2/3/5
Ledic D [17]	Retrospective cohort study	38.3 ± 9.5	75	CLD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	2 years	Method 3	0.235	1/2/3/5
Parker SL [18]	Prospective cohort study	38 ± 9	46	CLD	N/A	2 years	Method 2	0.233	1/2/3/6
Luo K [19]	Retrospective cohort study	45.6 ± 10.9	25	PELD	L3-L4; L4-L5; L5-S1	1 years	Method 4	0.410	1/2/3/6

Outcomes: 1. back pain (VAS); 2. leg pain (VAS); 3. ODI score; 4. SF36 score; 5. disc height; 6. JOA score. DH method: Method 1 - the (anterior + posterior disc height)/2; Method 2 - the vertical distance between the posterior lower plate of the L5 vertebral body (VB) and the posterior upper plate of the sacrum; Method 3 - the distance between the anterior-inferior corner of the superior vertebra and the corresponding corner of the inferior vertebra. Method 4 - the (anterior disc height + central disc height + posterior disc height)/3. Abbreviations. PLED-percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. CLD-conventional lumbar discectomy. ODI - the Oswestry disability Index. JOA - Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) score. N/A- not available.