Impact of Closed Operation Strategies on Profit of Core Enterprise in Closed Supply Chain for Vegetables: A System Dynamics Approach

Table 2

Comparisons between closed supply chain and other types of supply chain.

	Closed supply chain	Green supply chain	Agile supply chain	Lean supply chain	Virtual supply chain
Main target	Food safety and process control	Ecological environmental protection	Quick response to demand	Avoiding waste and cost optimization	Flexibility and organizational restructuring
Operation cost	Higher	Higher	Average	Low	Average
Flexibility	Average	Average	Stronger	Average	Stronger
Product safety	Stronger	Average	Average	Average	Average
The third party supervision	Necessary	Necessary	Needless	Needless	Needless
Stability	Stronger	Average	Average	Average	Low
Application	Agricultural products, proprietary, articles, dangerous goods, and drugs	Products of high hygienic standard and high export standards	Demand-pull and innovative products	Bulk cargo, process maturity	Demand-pull products

Source: it is categorized by author.