Research Article

Analysis of Risk Factors for Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion at Lumbosacral Spine

Table 1

Demonstrative information of the patient cohort.

OverallControl cohortASD cohortP Value

No. of patients15714116
Age (years), mean ± SD62.3 ± 7.062.0 ± 6.965.1 ± 7.70.098
Sex (male/female)62/9557/845/110.477
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD24.4 ± 2.324.5 ± 2.323.6 ± 1.40.150
Smoking, n (%)26 (16.6)24 (17.0)2 (12.5)0.645
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)29 (18.4)26 (18.4)3 (18.8)0.976
Osteoporosis, n (%)45 (28.7)41 (29.1)4 (25.0)0.732
Diagnosis, n (%)0.884
LDH76 (48.4)68 (48.2)8 (50.0)
LSS47 (29.9)43 (30.5)4 (25.0)
DS or SO34 (21.7)30 (21.3)4 (25.0)
Laminectomy, n (%)109 (69.4%)98 (69.5)11 (68.8)0.951
Cement augmentation, n (%)17 (10.8)14 (9.9)3 (18.8)0.282

SD: standard deviation, BMI: body mass index, ASD: adjacent segment degeneration, LDH: lumbar disc herniation, LSS: lumbar spinal stenosis, DS: degenerative spondylolisthesis, OS: isthmic spondylolisthesis.