Research Article

Identification of Insider Trading in the Securities Market Based on Multi-task Deep Neural Network

Table 2

Description of relevant indicators.

Indicator categoryIndicator dimensionIndicator nameIndicator description

Stock performanceEarningAverage daily returnAverage daily return of 30 trading days before the material information announcement date
Yield amplitudeDifference between the maximum return and minimum of 30 trading days before the material information announcement date
Cumulative excess returnAccumulation excess return of the 30 trading days before the material information announcement date
Cumulative excess return amplitudeDifference between the maximum cumulative excess return and the minimum of the 30 trading days before the material information announcement date
LiquidityRelative turnover rateThe ratio of the sample shares actual turnover and the reference turnover from T-150 days to T-30 days
Relative spreadThe ratio of the actual spread and the average daily spread from T-150 days to T-30 days
Relative trading volumeThe ratio of the actual trading volume and the average daily trading volume from T-150 days to T-30 days
Relative illiquidity ratioThe ratio of the actual noncurrent ratio and the average daily noncurrent ratio from T-150 days to T-30 days
Relative amplitudeThe ratio of the actual amplitude and the average daily amplitude from T-150 days to T-30 days
VolatilityEarnings volatilityThe standard deviation of the sample stocks returns for the 30 trading days before the information release
RiskinessBETAAverage daily beta of 30 trading days before the material information announcement date

Corporate governanceMeeting statusThe meeting times of the board of directors, the meeting times of the board of supervisors, etc.
Executive informationThe first three directors’ total compensation, the first three executives’ total compensation, independent director number, number of directors holding shares, shareholding ratio of the supervisory board, etc.
Shareholding statusCR-5 index, CR-10 index, Z index, Herfindahl-5 index, shareholding ratio of the largest shareholder, shareholding ratio of top five shareholders, etc.

Financial indicesSolvencyCurrent ratio, quick ratio, cash ratio, asset debt ratio, interest coverage ratio, property right ratio
Operating capacityInventory turnover, current asset turnover, fixed asset turnover ratio, total asset turnover ratio, accounts payable turnover ratio
ProfitabilityNet assets per share, earnings per share, operating margin, cost margin, return on assets, etc.
Growth capacityTotal asset growth rate, operating revenue growth rate, operating profit growth rate, capital preservation and appreciation rate, capital accumulation rate, etc.

Media coverageMedia attentionThe number of news reports in the 3 months before the material information announcement date
Negative media sentimentThe sentiment score of each news report in the 3 months before material information announcement date is calculated, and then, we calculate the proportion of reports with negative sentiment scores

Insider tradingInsider tradingA binary variable that takes value of 1 if insider trading occurred and 0 otherwise