Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

Research Article

Alterations of Renal Function in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A BOLD and DTI Study

Table 4

Comparisons of values, FA values, and ADC values of the cortex and medulla among HC and DM subgroups.


		HC	DI	DII	DIII	p	p^#	p^&

Cortex	ms⁻¹	18.39 ± 0.82	19.41 ± 2.78	19.01 ± 2.03	17.50 ± 1.62	0.290	—	—	—
	FA	0.244 ± 0.062	0.231 ± 0.052	0.244 ± 0.068	0.266 ± 0.074	0.274	—	—	—
	ADC (×10⁻³ mm²/s)	0.255 ± 0.032	0.241 ± 0.022	0.244 ± 0.024	0.246 ± 0.036	0.583	—	—	—

Medulla	ms⁻¹	31.07 ± 2.11	33.12 ± 3.66	30.92 ± 4.46	25.46 ± 3.43	0.001	—	0.003	0.011
	FA	0.386 ± 0.080	0.322 ± 0.056	0.291 ± 0.055	0.280 ± 0.069	0.002	0.005	0.005	—
	ADC (×10⁻³ mm²/s)	0.205 ± 0.022	0.204 ± 0.023	0.202 ± 0.016	0.217 ± 0.027	0.498	—	—	—

Legends: The results are expressed as the mean ± SD. , rate of spin dephasing (Hz); FA, fractional anisotropy; ADC, average diffusion coefficient (×10⁻³ mm²/s). p: ANOVA was used to compare the values among all above groups, and a p value < 0.05 was considered significant. p^#: Post-hoc paired comparisons between the HC group and the DII group; p^&: Post-hoc paired comparisons between the HC group and the DIII group; : Post-hoc paired comparisons between the DI and the DIII group.