Traffic Flow Prediction and Analysis in Smart Cities Based on the WND-LSTM Model

Table 1

Comparison of evaluation metrics for LSTM, W-LSTM, ND-LSTM, and WND-LSTM models.

Days		MOSEs		Models
		ND-LSTM	W-LSTM	LSTM	WND-LSTM
1 day	MAPE	6.324	3.195	6.122	2.159
	MAE	0.108	0.055	0.137	0.056
	RMSE	0.147	0.066	0.184	0.372
	ME	0.374	0.131	0.368	0.372
3 days	MAPE	5.579	2.973	5.587	1.793
	MAE	0.144	0.081	0.145	0.053
	RMSE	0.202	0.146	0.275	0.102
	ME	0.612	0.581	1.072	0.412
6 days	MAPE	1.268	1.894	2.756	0.194
	MAE	0.015	0.029	0.044	0.012
	RMSE	0.018	0.036	0.059	0.015
	ME	0.041	0.109	0.164	0.039
10 days	MAPE	4.305	1.931	2.988	0.715
	MAE	0.056	0.035	0.045	0.015
	RMSE	0.064	0.004	0.054	0.018
	ME	0.121	0.135	0.141	0.048
14 days	MAPE	1.223	2.095	2.200	0.651
	MAE	0.016	0.032	0.03	0.014
	RMSE	0.02	0.042	0.037	0.014
	ME	0.045	0.114	0.105	0.044