Dynamic Evaluation of Transformation Ability for Emergency Scientific Research Achievements Based on an Improved Minimum Distance-Maximum Entropy Combination Weighting Method: A Case Study of COVID-19 Epidemic Data

Table 3

Evaluation index.

Index name	Index symbol	Index attribute	Index interpretation
Number of valid invention patents	X1	+	The number of patents approved and granted by the SIPO. It is not only a key indicator of patent quality but also an important indicator of industrial economic employment contribution. A valid invention patent is more conducive to obtaining the competitive advantage in technology and product innovation.
Patent maintenance period	X2	+/−	It is one of the critical indicators to reflect the effectiveness of patent system and the merits of patent maintenance system, which is seen as a key factor in measuring the value of technology and economics for the patent. The longer the patent maintenance period, the higher the innovation quality, competitive strength, and economic value of the patented technology, that is, the more likely the patented technology to create economic benefits for the patent holder. At the same time, the cost of patent maintenance should be considered and the maintenance period should be set rationally.
Number of patent claims	X3	+	It is the core of the patent, and determines the scope of patent protection. The more claims a patent has, the more key features of the patented technology, and the more cutting-edge, important, and economically valuable the patent is.