Earnings Management Behavior of Enterprise Managers Based on Evolutionary Game Theory

Table 1

Definition of variables.

Serial number	Variables	Definition
1		Income without managers earnings management
2		Normal income of shareholders
3		Additional income from earnings management by managers
4		Cost of managers’ earnings management
5		Cost of shareholders’ supervision
6		Penalty amount of earnings management by managers ( is identification probability and is penalty ratio)
7		Loss of shareholders caused by managers’ earnings management
8		Counterfeiting efficiency
9		Supervision efficiency
10		Effort cost that managers need to pay no matter whether they carry on earnings management or not