Operational Scheduling of Behind-the-Meter Storage Systems Based on Multiple Nonstationary Decomposition and Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Price Forecasting

Table 2

Comparison results of CNN, EEMD-CNN, VMD-CNN, and EEMD-VMD-CNN models for single step electricity price forecasting.

Model	CNN	EEMD-CNN	VMD-CNN	EEMD-VMD-CNN
MSE	1.8735	0.4831	0.6453	0.1583
MAE	0.2578	0.1097	0.1846	0.0801
RMSE	1.3687	0.6951	0.8033	0.3978
R2	0.3067	0.6098	0.5763	0.8632