Research Article
Improved Arabic Alphabet Characters Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)
Table 3
Experimental results on the Hijja and AHCD datasets via CNN-for-AHCD model.
| | Characters | Hijja dataset | AHCD dataset | | CNN-for-AHCD | Our model | CNN-for-AHCD | Our model | | P | R | F1 | P | R | F1 | P | R | F1 | P | R | F1 |
| | 1. Alif | 0.93 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.98 | | 2. Baa | 0.82 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.98 | | 3. Tea | 0.66 | 0.88 | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.95 | | 4. Thea | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.96 | | 5. Jam | 0.79 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | | 6. Haa | 0.83 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.85 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.97 | | 7. Khaa | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.82 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.97 | | 8. Daal | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.79 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.92 | | 9. Thaal | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 0.92 | | 10. Raa | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.81 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 0.96 | | 11. Zaay | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.94 | | 12. Seen | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.99 | | 13. Sheen | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 14. Sad | 0.75 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.97 | | 15. Dhad | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.96 | | 16. Tah | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 0.96 | | 17. Dha | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.96 | | 18. Ain | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | | 19. Ghen | 0.83 | 0.71 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.97 | 0.93 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.99 | | 20. Fa | 0.77 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 0.96 | | 21. Qaf | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.97 | | 22. Kaf | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.96 | | 23. Lam | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | | 24. Meem | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | | 25. Noon | 0.70 | 0.77 | 0.73 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.86 | 0.97 | 0.91 | | 26. Ha | 0.81 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.97 | | 27. Waw | 0.930 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 0.95 | | 28. Yaa | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | | 29. Hamza | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.74 | | | | na | na | na | na | na | na | | Acc. (train) | | | 0.88 | | | 0.98 | | | 0.91 | | | 1.00 | | Acc. (test) | | | 0.80 | | | 0.88 | | | 0.94 | | | 0.96 | | Macro avg | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.96 | | Weighted avg | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.96 |
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