Research Article
Changes in Cardiac Varices and Their Clinical Significance after Eradication of Esophageal Varices by Band Ligation
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients who underwent EVs eradication by EBL—arranged according to the type of varices.
| | | All patients () | Pts with EVs only () | Pts with GOV1s () | P |
| | Age | | | | 0.347 | | Male, (%) | 96 (78.0) | 27 (71.1) | 69 (81.2) | 0.210 | | Etiology, (%) | | | | 0.158 | | Hepatitis B virus | 41 (33.3) | 9 (23.7) | 32 (37.6) | | | Hepatitis C virus | 10 (8.1) | 4 (10.5) | 6 (7.1) | | | Alcohol | 59 (48.0) | 23 (60.5) | 36 (42.4) | | | Others | 13 (10.6) | 2 (5.3) | 11 (12.9) | | | Purpose of EBL, (%) | | | | 0.445 | | Primary prophylaxis | 71 (57.7) | 20 (52.6) | 51 (60.0) | | | Secondary prophylaxis | 52 (42.3) | 18 (47.4) | 34 (40.0) | | | Size of EVs | | | | 0.639 | | F2 | 104 (84.6) | 33 (86.8) | 71 (83.5) | | | F3 | 19 (15.4) | 5 (13.2) | 14 (16.5) | | | Red color sign on EVs, (%) | 117 (95.1) | 35 (92.1) | 82 (96.5) | 0.299 | | Number of EBL sessions | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 0.112 | | Number of used rubber bands | 7.7 ± 3.6 | 7.3 ± 5.0 | 7.9 ± 2.7 | 0.456 | | Duration until EVs eradiation, months | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 2.2 ± 1.7 | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 0.288 | | Platelet count, ×109/L | 89.1 ± 45.2 | 93.0 ± 44.5 | 87.3 ± 45.6 | 0.526 | | INR | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.362 | | AST, IU/L | 89.8 ± 182.7 | 69.7 ± 59.6 | 98.8 ± 216.0 | 0.416 | | ALT, IU/L | 41.9 ± 55.3 | 34.0 ± 25.1 | 45.4 ± 64.2 | 0.295 | | Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 1.7 ± 1.5 | 0.572 | | Albumin, g/dL | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 0.287 | | Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 1.1 | 0.373 | | Sodium, mEq/L | 137.7 ± 4.7 | 137.6 ± 4.6 | 137.7 ± 4.7 | 0.905 | | Ascites, (%) | 65 (52.8) | 49 (57.6) | 16 (42.1) | 0.111 | | Encephalopathy, (%) | 10 (8.1) | 1 (2.6) | 9 (10.6) | 0.136 | | Child-Pugh score | 7.2 ± 1.7 | 7.2 ± 1.6 | 7.2 ± 1.8 | 0.908 | | Child-Pugh classification, (%) | | | | 0.943 | | Grade A | 50 (40.7) | 16 (42.1) | 34 (40.0) | | | Grade B | 61 (49.6) | 18 (47.4) | 43 (50.6) | | | Grade C | 12 (9.8) | 4 (10.5) | 8 (9.4) | |
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AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; EBL: endoscopic band ligation; EVs: esophageal varices; GOVs: gastroesophageal varices; INR: international normalized ratio.
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