Research Article
Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and Sodium Velocity Predicts Overall Survival in Nonmetastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
Table 2
Cox proportional hazard models for overall survival. Multivariable models were built using a backwards stepwise procedure.
| | Univariate | Multivariable: Baseline MELD-Na Only | Multivariable: Baseline MELD-Na and MELD-Na change | Characteristic | HR (95 CI) | p | HR (95 CI) | P | HR (95 CI) | P |
| Age (per 10 years) | 0.95 (0.82 to 1.11) | 0.505 | - | - | - | - |
| Gender | | | | | | | Male | [reference] | - | - | - | - | - | Female | 0.80 (0.51 to 1.24) | 0.318 | | | | |
| Stage | | | | | | | I | [reference] | - | [reference] | - | [reference] | - | II | 1.17 (0.70 to 1.98) | 0.535 | 1.35 (0.76 to 2.39) | 0.310 | 1.52 (0.86 to 2.71) | 0.153 | III | 2.68 (1.71 to 4.21) | <0.001 | 2.66 (1.64 to 4.32) | <0.001 | 2.24 (1.37 to 3.67) | 0.001 |
| AFP (ng/mL) | | | | | | | < 400 | [reference] | - | - | - | - | - | > 400 | 1.72 (1.16 to 2.56) | 0.007 | | | | |
| Race | | | | | | | White | [reference] | - | | | | | Black/African American | 1.15 (0.75 to 1.74) | 0.525 | - | - | - | - | Asian | 0.26 (0.04 to 1.86) | 0.179 | | | | | Other/Unknown | 1.08 (0.52 to 2.26) | 0.834 | | | | |
| Ethnicity | | | | | | | Not Hispanic/Latino | [reference] | - | - | - | - | - | Hispanic/Latino | 0.88 (0.61 to 1.28) | 0.509 | | | | |
| Etiology of cirrhosis, n (%) | | | | | | | HCV only | [reference] | - | | | | | HBV only | 1.60 (0.77 to 3.43) | 0.209 | - | - | - | - | Alcoholism | 0.66 (0.35 to 1.25) | 0.205 | | | | | Unknown/Multiple | 0.77 (0.42 to 1.40) | 0.385 | | | | |
| MELD-Na | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.10) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.09) | 0.012 | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) | <0.001 |
| 90 day MELD-Na increase | | | | | | | < 40% | [reference] | - | - | - | 3.69 (2.39 to 5.69) | <0.001 | > 40% | 3.44 (2.29 to 5.17) | <0.001 | | | | |
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