Research Article

Assessment of Steatosis and Fibrosis in Liver Transplant Recipients Using Controlled Attenuation Parameter and Liver Stiffness Measurements

Table 6

Comparison of groups with and without advanced fibrosis.

VariablesAdvanced fibrosis, N  = 42No advanced fibrosis, N  = 135 value

Age at LT, years (IQR)53 (44–60)56 (50–61)0.061
Age at TE, years (IQR)58 (51–64)61 (54–65)0.159
Donor age, years59 (46–70)57 (43–67)0.806
Male, % (n)71.4 (30)67.4 (89)0.768

Cause of liver disease, % (n)
 Autoimmune liver disease7.1 (3)12.6 (17)0.578
 NAFLD00.7 (1)
 Alcoholic liver disease40.5 (17)29.6 (40)
 HCV4.8 (2)3.0 (4)
 Others47.6 (20)54.1 (73)

BMI, kg/m2 (IQR)29.35 (23–32)27 (24–32)0.738

BMI category, % (n)
 Normal <2540.5 (17)34.8 (47)0.487
 Overweight 25–29.919.0 (8)32.6 (44)
 Obese ≥3040.5 (17)32.6 (44)
Donors BMI, kg/m2 (IQR)26.54 (25–29)26 (24–28)0.312

Donors BMI category, % (n)
 Normal <2531.0 (13)39.3 (53)0.620
 Overweight 25–29.952.4 (22)46.7 (63)
 Obese ≥3016.7 (7)14.1 (19)

Hypertension, % (n)76.2 (32)61.5 (83)0.119
Diabetes, % (n)45.2 (19)37.0 (50)0.441
Thrombocytes x109/L145 (106–221)170 (144–221)0.082
Glucose, mmol/L (IQR)6.2 (6–8)6.1 (5–7)0.240
Total bilirubin, mg/dL (IQR)18 (14–26)15 (12–20)0.005
ALT, U/L (IQR)33 (24–60)26 (18–35)<0.001
AST, U/L (IQR)43 (25–72)26 (21–35)<0.001
GGT, U/L (IQR)83 (40–173)31 (21–65)<0.001
Triglyceride, mmol/L (IQR)1.43 (1.1–1.9)1.2 (0.9–1.8)0.066
Total cholesterol, mmol/L (IQR)5.1 (4.3–5.5)5.1 (4.5–6)0.282
LDL, mmol/L (IQR)3.1 (2.6–3.7)2.9 (2.3–3.4)0.048
HDL, mmol/L (IQR)1.2 (1–1.7)1.3 (1.1–1.6)0.429
CRP, mg/L (IQR)4.4 (2–7)3.1 (1.8–5.6)0.368
CAP, dB (IQR)285 (213–341)277 (222–315)0.469

Immunosuppression, % (n)
 Tacrolimus50.0 (21)77.0 (104)<0.001
 Cyclosporine52.5 (21)23.3 (31)
 Prednisone2.4 (1)5.2 (7)
 mTOR inhibitor2.4 (1)0
 Mycophenolate mofetil78.6 (33)65.2 (88)
 Azathioprine2.4 (1)1.5 (2)

Time from LT to TE, years (IQR)5 (3–6)4 (2–6)0.015

LT, liver transplantation; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HCV, hepatitis C virus infection; BMI, body mass index; AST, serum aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; CRP, C-reactive protein; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; TE, transient elastography.