GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Effects on Lipid and Liver Profiles in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

The results of subgroup analysis for serum TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, AST, and ALT.

Subgroup		Study	WMD (95% CI)	value	Heterogeneity (I^2)	Meta-regression	Test of group differences  > Q_b
TG
Age	≥50 years old	3	−2.76 (−28.35, 22.83)	0.83	0.0	—	0.718
	<50 years old	6	−7.93 (−19.36, 3.5)	0.17	3.7
Duration	≤12 weeks	4	−5.47 (−16.48, 5.55)	0.33	0.0	—	0.373
	>12 weeks	5	−21.10 (−17.51, 3.37)	0.20	0.0
Baseline BMI	>30	4	−7.31 (−18.72, 4.10)	0.21	0.0	—	0.920
	<30	4	−5.86 (−31.57, 19.85)	0.65	0.0
Baseline body weight	>85 kg	4	−7.31 (−18.72, 4.10)	0.21	0.0	—	0.920
	<85 kg	4	−5.86 (−31.57, 19.85)	0.65	0.0
Intervention type	GLP-1 agonists	8	−11.96 (−32.24, 8.32)	0.24	0.0	—	0.582
	GLP-1 agonists + other treatment	1	−5.31 (−17.48, 6.86)	0.39	—
TC
Age	≥50−years old	3	−0.17 (−6.95, 6.61)	0.96	0.0	—	0.719
	<50 years old	6	−1.73 (−6.84, 3.37)	0.50	51.9
Duration	≤12 weeks	4	−2.93 (−7.74, 1.88)	0.23	52.1	—	0.175
	>12 weeks	5	3.35 (−4.34, 11.05)	0.39	0.0
Baseline BMI	>30	4	−3.39 (−9.00, 2.21)	0.23	51.0	—	0.256
	<30	4	1.33 (−4.61, 7.28)	0.65	0.0
Baseline body weight	>85 kg	4	−3.39 (−9.00, 2.21)	0.23	51.0	—	0.256
	<85 kg	4	1.33 (−4.61, 7.28)	0.65	0.0
Intervention type	GLP-1 agonists	8	−0.95 (−6.08, 4.18)	0.71	36.2	—	0.891
	GLP-1 agonists + other treatment	1	−1.54 (−8.27, 5.19)	—	—
HDL-C
Age	≥50 years old	3	2.84 (−0.18, 5.86)	0.06	0.0	—	0.307
	<50 years old	5	0.40 (−3.18, 3.98)	0.82	55.8
Duration	≤12 weeks	3	2.43 (−0.76, 5.63)	0.13	0.0	—	0.460
	>12 weeks	5	0.56 (−3.21, 4.35)	0.76	61.8
Baseline BMI	>30	4	1.61 (−3.03, 6.26)	0.49	76.1	—	0.619
	<30	4	0.16 (−3.17, 3.50)	0.92	0.0
Baseline body weight	>85 kg	4	1.61 (−3.03, 6.26)	0.49	76.1	—	0.619
	<85 kg	4	0.16 (−3.17, 3.50)	0.92	0.0
LDL-C
Age	≥50 years old	3	−1.02 (−7.17, 5.12)	0.74	0.0	0.45 (−1.87, 2.78)	0.890
	<50 years old	5	−2.22 (−18.06, 13.60)	0.78	81.8
Duration	≤12 weeks	3	−9.48 (−24.70, 5.74)	0.22	83.8	0.36 (−0.37, 1.40)	0.097
	>12 weeks	5	4.79 (−2.48, 12.07)	0.19	5.8
Baseline BMI	>30	4	−8.96 (−24.42, 6.50)	0.25	71.9	−3.43 (−7.10, 0.22)	0.155
	<30	4	3.26 (−3.46, 10.00)	0.34	30.3
Baseline body weight	>85 kg	4	−8.96 (−24.42, 6.50)	0.25	71.9	−0.59 (−1.36, 0.18)
	<85 kg	4	3.26 (−3.46, 10.00)	0.34	30.3
AST
Age	≥50 years old	4	−5.04 (−11.24, 1.15)	0.11	95.2	−0.31 (−1.22, 0.58)	0.663
	<50 years old	8	−1.60 (−8.97, 5.77)	0.67	80.4
Duration	≤12 weeks	5	−8.07 (−13.86, −2.29)	0.006	94.4	0.36 (−0.22, 0.95)	0.031
	>12 weeks	7	1.84 (−1.59, 5.28)	0.29	0.2
Intervention type	GLP-1 agonists	10	−0.35 (−3.44, 2.75)	0.82	47.6	—	0.000
	GLP-1 agonists + other treatment	2	−10.81 (−13.03, −8.59)	<0.001	14.7
ALT
Age	≥50 years old	4	−10.71 (−15.32, −6.11)	<0.001	71.1	−0.30 (−1.86, 1.26)	0.997
	<50 years old	8	−8.47 (−22.18, 5.24)	0.22	88.1
Duration	≤12 weeks	5	−18.12 (−27.34, −8.91)	<0.001	94.2	0.53 (−0.41, 1.48)	0.003
	>12 weeks	7	−2.05 (−8.43, 4.31)	0.52	20.7
Intervention type	GLP-1 agonists	10	−7.69 (−14.20, −1.18)	0.02	64.7	—	0.378
	GLP-1 agonists + other treatment	2	−18.40 (−41.32, 4.52)	0.11	96.6