Feasibility and Safety of Mark-Guided Submucosal Tunneling Endoscopic Resection for Treatment of Esophageal Submucosal Tumors Originating from the Muscularis Propria: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Figure 1

The mark-guided STER procedure. (a) EUS confirmed the characteristics of esophageal SMT. (b) Marking from esophageal mucosal surface of SMTs to 5.0 cm to the proximal margin of the SMT. (c) Injecting diluted indigo carmine through the marks. (d) Creating entry point through longitudinal incision. (e) Creating a longitudinal tunnel. (f) Dissecting the SMT. (g) Closing the entry point.

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