Hepatoprotective Effects of Crude Stem Bark Extracts and Solvent Fractions of Cordia africana against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Table 4

Effects of different doses of crude extracts and solvent fractions of the methanol stem bark extracts of C. africana on APAP-induced liver injury.

Group	Necrosis	Vacuolar degeneration
Normal control, NS	—	—
Negative control	+++	++
100 mg/kg, CAME	+	++
200 mg/kg, CAME	—	+
400 mg/kg, CAME	+	+
100 mg/kg, CAAE	—	+
200 mg/kg, CAAE	+	++
400 mg/kg, CAAE	—	+
400 mg/kg, CAAF	—	+
400 mg/kg, CABF	+	+
400 mg/kg, CACF	—	+
100 mg/kg, silymarin	—	—

—, normal; +, mild effect; ++, moderate effect; +++, severe effect. APAP: acetaminophen, CAAE: aqueous extract of Cordia africana , CAAF: aqueous fraction of Cordia africana, CABF: butanol fraction of Cordia africana, CACF: chloroform fraction of Cordia africana, CAME: 80% methanol extract of Cordia africana, mg/kg: milligram per kilogram, NS: normal saline.