Research Article
Diagnostic Challenges of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Background characteristic of study participants.
| | | Total | Serology, N (%) | Stool antigen, N (%) | | (N = 1392), N (%) | Positive (N = 683) | Negative (N = 709) | Positive (N = 91) | Negative (N = 1301) |
| | Age | 1–5 years | 344 (24.7) | 101 (29.4) | 243 (70.6) | 37 (10.8) | 307 (89.2) | | 6–10 years | 91 (6.5) | 42 (46.2) | 49 (53.8) | 14 (15.4) | 77 (84.6) | | 11–19 years | 292 (21.0) | 156 (53.4) | 136 (46.6) | 16 (5.5) | 276 (94.5) | | 20–29 years | 298 (21.4) | 162 (54.4) | 136 (45.6) | 10 (3.4) | 288 (96.6) | | ≥30 years | 367 (26.4) | 222 (60.5) | 145 (39.5) | 14 (3.8) | 353 (96.2) |
| | Sex | Male | 600 (43.1) | 301 (50.2) | 299 (49.8) | 44 (7.3) | 556 (92.7) | | Female | 792 (56.9) | 382 (48.2) | 410 (51.8) | 47 (5.9) | 745 (94.1) |
| | Residency | Urban | 194 (13.9) | 74 (38.1) | 120 (61.9) | 22 (11.3) | 172 (88.7) | | Rural | 1198 (86.1) | 609 (50.8) | 589 (49.2) | 69 (5.8) | 1129 (94.2) |
| | Employment | Civil servant | 61 (4.4) | 35 (57.4) | 26 (42.6) | 1 (1.6) | 60 (98.4) | | Student | 303 (21.8) | 166 (54.8) | 137 (45.2) | 19 (6.3) | 284 (93.7) | | Farmer | 379 (27.2) | 240 (63.3) | 139 (36.7) | 17 (4.5) | 362 (95.5) | | Unemployed | 74 (5.3) | 42 (56.8) | 32 (43.2) | 2 (2.7) | 72 (97.3) | | Others | 144 (10.3) | 62 (43.1) | 82 (56.9) | 4 (2.8) | 140 (97.2) | | Not applicable (children) | 431 (31.0) | 138 (32.0) | 293 (68.0) | 48 (11.1) | 383 (88.9) |
| | Education | No formal education | 936 (67.2) | 493 (52.7) | 443 (47.3) | 65 (6.9) | 871 (93.1) | | Primary education | 122 (8.8) | 53 (43.4) | 69 (56.6) | 2 (1.6) | 120 (98.4) | | Secondary education | 98 (7.0) | 56 (57.1) | 42 (42.9) | 5 (5.1) | 93 (94.9) | | Tertiary completed | 57 (4.1) | 30 (52.6) | 27 (47.4) | 1 (1.8) | 56 (98.2) | | Preschool children | 179 (12.9) | 51 (28.5) | 128 (71.5) | 18 (10.1) | 161 (89.9) |
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