Drug-Induced Liver Injury during Consolidation Therapy in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia as Assessed for Causality Using the Updated RUCAM
Table 3
Demographic and laboratory characteristics of DILI and non-DILI in SR/IR cases.
DILI (n = 38)
Non-DILI (n = 1501)
Statistics
value
Age, years
5.4 ± 2.8
6.4 ± 3.6
−1.433∆
0.152
Gender, n (%)
Male
23 (2.3)
958 (97.7)
0.174#
0.676
Female
15 (2.7)
543 (97.3)
Han ethnicity, n (%)
21 (55.3)
856 (57.0)
0.290#
0.865
Treatment course ≥5, n (%)
12 (31.6)
117 (7.8)
24.291#
<0.001
BMI, kg/m2
15.9 ± 1.6
16.2 ± 2.1
−0.418∆
0.676
MTX dose per BSA, g/m2
4.3 ± 1.1
4.0 ± 1.3
−1.512∆
0.131
48 h MTX concentration, μmol/L
0.62 ± 0.53
1.14 ± 3.72
−0.286∆
0.775
Prophylactic agents, n (%)
30 (78.9)
1019 (67.9)
2.089#
0.148
Baseline renal function
Creatinine, mg/dl
0.33 ± 0.11
0.37 ± 0.13
−1.965∆
0.049
Cystatin C, mg/L
0.78 ± 0.16
0.73 ± 0.15
−1.768∆
0.077
Urea, mmol/L
4.0 ± 1.5
3.9 ± 1.4
−0.697∆
0.486
Uric acid, μmol/L
225.5 ± 72.0
226.6 ± 82.5
−0.668∆
0.504
Baseline liver function
Albumin, g/L
44.3 ± 3.7
46.6 ± 3.4
−4.074∆
<0.001
Total bilirubin, μmol/L
7.4 ± 4.9
6.3 ± 3.7
−1.834∆
0.067
ALT, U/L
38.6 ± 24.9
25.7 ± 26.3
−5.540∆
<0.001
GGT, U/L
40.9 ± 64.4
22.5 ± 20.4
−3.443∆
0.001
AST, U/L
35.3 ± 15.7
28.3 ± 12.0
−3.827∆
<0.001
ALP, U/L
218.0 ± 78.2
202.1 ± 65.9
−1.071∆
0.284
Baseline blood routine
White blood cell count, ×109/L
5.7 ± 3.3
5.8 ± 3.8
−0.202∆
0.840
Red blood cell count, ×1012/L
3.8 ± 0.5
3.8 ± 0.6
−0.303∆
0.762
Platelet count, ×109/L
260.7 ± 122.6
297.2 ± 131.2
−1.796∆
0.073
Hemoglobin, g/L
110.1 ± 14.1
107.3 ± 14.2
−1.361∆
0.174
∆ Z value, statistics of the Mann–Whitney U test; #χ2 value, statistics of the chi-square test. DILI, drug-induced liver injury; SR/IR, standard risk/intermediate risk; BMI, body mass index; MTX, methotrexate; BSA, body surface area; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase.
