Rising Healthcare Costs and Utilization among Young Adults with Cirrhosis in Ontario: A Population-Based Study

Table 2

Direct per-patient healthcare costs in young adults with cirrhosis, IBD, and asthma in Ontario in 2016.

	Overall cirrhosis n = 27,305	Compensated cirrhosis n = 24,995	Decompensated cirrhosis n = 2,310	IBD n = 45,719	Asthma n = 516,135
Inpatient costs
Per-patient; Mean CAD (sd)	$2,029 ($14,183)	$1,261 ($10,283)	$10,337 ($34,035)	$1,060 ($6,715)	$578 ($5,475)
Total CAD	$55,400,782	$31,520,276	$23,880,506	$48,470,341	$298,156,358
ER cost
Per-patient; Mean CAD (sd)	$280 ($1,121)	$245 ($1,077)	$660 ($1,464)	$198 ($616)	$156 ($509)
Total CAD	$7,651,738	$6,126,849	$1,524,889	$9,072,340	$80,601,031
Subspecialist costs
Per-patient; Mean CAD (sd)	$65 ($254)	$45 ($176)	$282 ($613)	$138 ($248)	$20 ($130)
Total CAD	$1,794,076	$1,141,742	$652,334	$6,329,228	$10,325,815
Drug costs
Per-patient; Mean CAD (sd)	$1,471 ($9,296)	$1,349 ($8,510)	$2,805 ($15,364)	$1,563 ($6,762)	$430 ($3,711)
Total CAD	$40,185,123	$33,704,164	$6,480,959	$71,470,193	$221,796,789
Total direct costs
Per-patient; Mean CAD (sd)	$6,581 ($ 22,276)	$5,280 ($17,967)	$20,651 ($46,438)	$5,260 ($13,115)	$2,934 ($9,906)
Total CAD	$179,671,525	$131,967,823	$47,703,702	$240,463,283	$1,514,158,577

IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; CAD: Canadian dollars; sd: standard deviation. For cirrhosis and IBD, subspecialist is gastroenterology; for asthma subspecialist is respirology.