Research Article
Plasma S100A8 and S100A9 Are Strong Prognostic Factors for Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Table 2
Predictors of 28-day and 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients.
| | Predictors (28-day mortality) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | | HR (95% CI) | value | HR (95% CI) | value |
| | Age | 1.038 (1.016–1.060) | 0.001 | 1.006 (1.002–1.011) | 0.009 | | Male sex | 0.749 (0.436–1.286) | 0.295 | | | | WBC (10^9/L) | 1.074 (1.014–1.138) | 0.015 | 1.041 (0.996–1.123) | 0.294 | | HB (g/L) | 1.000 (0.990–1.010) | 0.966 | | | | PLT (10^9/L) | 0.989 (0.983–0.996) | 0.001 | 0.996 (0.988–1.003) | 0.230 | | ALB (g/L) | 0.984 (0.915–1.059) | 0.669 | | | | TB (umol/L) | 1.003 (1.002–1.004) | <0.001 | 1.002 (1.000–1.004) | 0.089 | | Creatinine (umol/L) | 1.006 (1.003–1.008) | <0.001 | 1.005 (1.001–1.010) | 0.019 | | INR | 2.222 (1.799–2.745) | <0.001 | 1.620 (1.227–2.138) | 0.001 | | AFP (ug/L) | 0.997 (0.993–1.001) | 0.192 | | | | Ascites grade | 2.009 (1.362–2.964) | <0.001 | 0.912 (0.670–1.241) | 0.558 | | HE grade | 1.933 (1.598–2.338) | <0.001 | 1.330 (1.023–1.731) | 0.034 | | Bacterial infection | 1.225 (0.738–2.032) | 0.008 | 0.641 (0.341–1.206) | 0.168 | | S100A8 (ng/mL) | 1.018 (1.011–1.025) | <0.001 | 1.027 (1.007–1.048) | 0.026 | | S100A9 (ng/mL) | 1.014 (1.009–1.019) | <0.001 | 1.009 (1.001–1.017) | 0.007 |
| | Predictors (90-day mortality) | | | | | | Age | 1.037 (1.017–1.058) | <0.001 | 1.034 (1.007–1.061) | 0.013 | | Male sex | 0.754 (0.410–1.390) | 0.366 | | | | WBC (∗10^9/L) | 1.067 (1.011–1.127) | 0.018 | 1.021 (0.933–1.118) | 0.651 | | HB (g/L) | 1.001 (0.991–1.010) | 0.901 | | | | PLT (∗10^9/L) | 0.990 (0.984–0.996) | 0.001 | 1.001 (0.994–1.007) | 0.809 | | ALB (g/L) | 0.999 (0.961–1.038) | 0.947 | | | | TB (umol/L) | 1.003 (1.002–1.004) | <0.001 | 1.002 (1.001–1.003) | 0.002 | | Creatinine (umol/L) | 1.007 (1.004–1.010) | <0.001 | 0.998 (0.995–1.002) | 0.304 | | INR | 2.804 (2.208–3.561) | <0.001 | 2.362 (1.740–3.207) | <0.001 | | AFP (ug/L) | 0.999 (0.997–1.001) | 0.225 | | | | Ascites grade | 1.591 (1.262–2.006) | <0.001 | 1.183 (0.905–1.547) | 0.220 | | HE grade | 1.914 (1.606–2.281) | <0.001 | 1.499 (1.173–1.916) | 0.001 | | Bacterial infection | 2.132 (1.277–3.557) | 0.004 | 1.122 (0.605–2.083) | 0.715 | | S100A8 (ng/mL) | 1.023 (1.017–1.029) | <0.001 | 1.023 (1.011–1.035) | 0.004 | | S100A9 (ng/mL) | 1.012 (1.009–1.015) | <0.001 | 1.008 (1.004–1.012) | <0.001 |
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CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; WBC: white blood cell; HB: Hemoglobin; PLT: blood platelet; ALB: albumin; TB: total bilirubin; INR: international normalized ratio; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; and HE: Hepatic encephalopathy.
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