Vertical Transmission, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Group B Streptococcus among Mothers and Their Neonates in Southern Ethiopia

Table 3

Multivariate analysis of clinical factors with GBS colonization among pregnant women.

Variables	Variable’s categories	Frequency	GBS result		COR (95% CI)	value	AOR (95% CI)	value
			Positive	Negative
Gravidity	Primigravida	80	9 (11.3)	71 (88.7)	0.9 (0.37–2.16)	0.806
	Multigravida	121	15 (12.4)	106 (87.6)	1
Parity	Nullipara	25	9 (36.0)	16 (64.0)	4.7 (1.7–13.2)	0.003	1.7 (0.42–6.5)	0.469
	Primipara	73	4 (5.5)	69 (94.5)	0.49 (0.2–1.6)	0.232
	Multipara	103	11 (10.7)	92 (89.3)	1
Gestational age	<37 weeks	10	5 (50)	5 (50)	9.1 (2.4–34.13)	0.001	4.4 (.45–19.1)	0.259
	≥37 weeks	191	19 (9.9)	172 (90.1)	1
History of UTI	Yes	13	8 (53.3)	7 (46.7)	12.1 (4.0–37.8)	≤0.001	2.9 (1.7–16.3)	0.008
	No	188	16 (8.6)	170 (91.4)	1
History of PROM	Yes	46	15 (32.6)	31 (67.4)	7.9 (3.2–19.6)	≤0.001	3.5 (2.2–18.8)	0.001
	No	155	9 (5.8)	146 (94.2)	1
Contraceptives used	Injectable	48	7 (14.6)	41 (85.4)	1.14 (0.39–3.3)	0.812
	Injection and pills	41	2 (4.9)	39 (95.1)	0.34 (0.1–1.7)	0.184
	Loop	37	6 (16.2)	31 (83.8)	1.3 (0.4–4.0)	0.656
	None	69	9 (13.0)	60 (87.0)	1
Number of ANC visited	0–3 times	63	8 (12.7)	55 (87.3)	1.1 (0.5–2.8)	0.823
	4-5 times	138	16 (11.6)	122 (88.4)	1
Previous still birth	Yes	8	2 (25)	6 (75)	2.59 (0.5–13.6)	0.261
	No	193	22 (11.4)	171 (88.6)	1
Previous abortion	Yes	27	5 (18.5)	22 (81.5)	1.85 (0.63–5.47)	0.263
	No	174	19 (10.9)	155 (89.1)	1
Vaginal discharge	Yes	13	6 (42.9)	8 (57.1)	7.0 (2.2.-22.6)	0.001	3.0 (0.62–14.6)	0.173
	No	188	18 (9.6)	169 (90.4)	1

AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio; PROM, prolonged rupture of membranes; UTI, urinary tract infection; n, sample size.