Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology

Research Article

Vertical Transmission, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Group B Streptococcus among Mothers and Their Neonates in Southern Ethiopia

Table 4

Multivariate analysis of clinical factors with GBS colonization (vertical transmission) among neonates.


Variables	Variable’s categories	Frequency	GBS result		COR (95% CI)	value	AOR (95% CI)	value
Variables	Variable’s categories	Frequency	Positive	Negative	COR (95% CI)	value	AOR (95% CI)	value

Gravidity	Primigravida	80	6 (7.5)	74 (92.5)	1.9 (0.55–6.39)	0.311
Gravidity	Multigravida	121	5 (4.1)	116 (95.9)	1

Parity	Nullipara	25	5 (20.0)	20 (80.0)	6.2 (1.53–25.09)	0.011	0.9 (0.10–8.42)	0.938
	Primipara	73	2 (2.7)	71 (97.3)	0.7 (0.12–3.91)	0.682
	Multipara	103	4 (3.9)	99 (96.1)	1

Gestational age	<37 weeks	10	5 (50)	5 (50)	30.8 (7.0–135.8)	≤0.001	2.2 (1.9–5.4)	0.008
Gestational age	≥37 weeks	191	6 (3.1)	185 (96.9)	1

Maternal UTI	Yes	13	6 (40.0)	9 (60.0)	24.1 (6.2–94.3)	≤0.001	3.6 (1.7–14.3)	0.145
Maternal UTI	No	188	5 (2.7)	181 (97.3)	1

History of PROM	Yes	46	8 (17.4)	38 (82.6)	6.8 (1.89–24.32)	0.003	5.07 (0.95–22.7)	0.056
History of PROM	No	155	3 (1.9)	152 (98.1)	1

Duration of PROM	<18 hours	181	5 (2.8)	176 (97.2)	15.1 (4.1–55.7)	≤0.001	3.28 (0.51–20.95)	0.210
Duration of PROM	>18 hours	20	6 (30.0)	14 (70.0)	1

Birth weight	<2.5 kg	11	5 (45.5)	6 (54.5)	25.6 (6.1–107.7)	≤0.001	2.5 (1.3–12.8)	0.001
Birth weight	≥2.5 kg	190	6 (3.2)	184 (96.8)	1

Maternal fever	Yes	18	2 (11.1)	16 (88.9)	2.42 (0.48–12.16)	0.284
Maternal fever	No	183	9 (4.9)	174 (95.1)	1

Types of contraceptives used	Injectable	48	3 (6.3)	45 (93.7)	0.85 (0.19–3.75)	0.834
	Injection and pills	41	1 (2.4)	40 (97.6)	0.32 (0.04–2.80)	0.306
	Loop	37	2 (5.4)	35 (94.6)	0.73 (0.14–3.97)	0.717
	None	69	5 (7.2)	64 (92.8)	1

Number of ANC visit	0–3 times	63	2 (3.2)	61 (96.8)	0.47 (0.10–2.24)	0.343
Number of ANC visit	4-5 times	138	9 (6.5)	129 (93.5)	1

History of abortion	Yes	27	2 (7.4)	25 (92.6)	1.47 (0.30–7.18)	0.637
History of abortion	No	174	9 (5.2)	165 (94.8)	1

Vaginal discharge	Yes	13	6 (42.9)	8 (57.1)	27.3 (6.9–48.7)	≤0.001	1.8 (2.6–6.6)	0. 048
Vaginal discharge	No	188	5 (2.7)	182 (97.3)	1

AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio; PROM, prolonged rupture of membranes; UTI, urinary tract infection; n, sample size.