Evaluating Antibiotic Treatment Guideline Adherence to Ongoing Antibiotic Stewardship in a Tertiary Care Setting: A Retrospective Observational Study
Table 1
Demographic and Clinical Profiling of the 354 eligible inpatients in this study.
Variables
No. of inpatients (%)
UTI
Pneumonia
SSTI
Total
(n = 87)
(n = 180)
(n = 87)
(N = 354)
Gender
Male
43 (49.4)
100 (55.6)
59 (67.8)
202 (57.1)
Female
44 (50.6)
80 (44.4)
28 (32.2)
152 (42.9)
Age groups (years): mean±SD 55.4±19.6
Below 45
32 (36.8)
29 (16.1)
49 (56.3)
110 (31.0)
46–65
34 (39.1)
61 (33.9)
27 (31.0)
122 (34.5)
Above 65
21 (24.1)
90 (50.0)
11 (12.7)
122 (34.5)
Presence of comorbidities
Yes
70 (80.5)
155 (86.1)
29 (33.3)
254 (71.7)
No
16 (18.4)
25 (13.9)
52 (59.7)
93 (26.3)
Unknown
1 (1.1)
0 (0.0)
6 (7.0)
7 (2.0)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Yes
4 (4.6)
52 (28.9)
2 (2.3)
58 (16.4)
No
83 (95.4)
128 (71.1)
85 (97.7)
296 (83.6)
Hypertension
Yes
38 (43.7)
103 (57.2)
15 (17.2)
156 (44.1)
No
49 (56.3)
77 (42.8)
72 (82.8)
198 (55.9)
Diabetes mellitus
Yes
34 (39.1)
56 (31.1)
13 (14.9)
103 (29.1)
No
53 (60.9)
124 (68.9)
74 (85.1)
251 (70.9)
Coronary artery disease
Yes
3 (3.4)
40 (22.2)
1 (1.1)
44 (12.4)
No
84 (96.6)
140 (77.8)
86 (98.9)
310 (87.6)
Specimen collected
Yes
85 (97.7)
147 (81.7)
65 (74.7)
297 (83.9)
No
2 (2.3)
33 (18.3)
22 (25.3)
57 (16.1)
Microbiology culture
Positive
40 (46.0)
54 (30.0)
35 (40.2)
129 (36.4)
Negative
45 (51.7)
93 (51.7)
30 (34.5)
168 (47.5)
No culture
2 (2.3)
33 (18.3)
22 (25.3)
57 (16.1)
Imaging study at the start of antibiotics
Yes
25 (28.7)
171 (95.0)
30 (34.5)
226 (63.8)
No
62 (71.3)
9 (5.0)
57 (65.5)
128 (36.2)
Sign of infection on imaging studies
Yes
20 (23.0)
167 (92.8)
30 (34.5)
217 (61.3)
No
5 (5.8)
4 (2.2)
0 (0.0)
9 (2.5)
No study
62 (71.2)
9 (5.0)
57 (65.5)
128 (36.2)
Clinical specimen collection time
On the day of therapy/before day 1
85 (97.7)
122 (67.8)
39 (44.8)
246 (69.5)
After the start of empirical therapy
0 (0)
25 (13.9)
26 (29.9)
51 (14.4)
No culture
2 (2.3)
33 (18.3)
22 (25.3)
57 (16.1)
Antibiotics prescribed at the time of discharge
Yes
72 (82.8)
133 (73.9)
71 (81.6)
276 (78.0)
No
15 (17.2)
47 (26.1)
16 (18.4)
78 (22.0)
Correct selection of empiric antibiotics
Yes
66 (75.9)
137 (76.1)
44 (50.6)
247 (69.8)
No
21 (24.1)
43 (23.9)
43 (49.4)
107 (30.2)
Correct dosage of empiric antibiotics
Yes
64 (73.6)
136 (75.6)
44 (50.6)
244 (68.9)
No
23 (26.4)
44 (24.4)
43 (49.4)
110 (31.1)
Correct duration of empiric antibiotics
Yes
33 (37.9)
78 (43.3)
23 (26.4)
134 (37.9)
No
54 (62.1)
102 (56.7)
64 (73.6)
220 (62.1)
Yes, having the status of the current condition of the disease or biological sample collected or imaging study performed at the start of antibiotics or sign of infection imaging studies or receiving antibiotic treatment; No, neither having the status of the current condition of the disease nor biological sample collected nor imaging study performed at the start of antibiotics nor sign of infection imaging studies nor receiving antibiotic treatment.
