Application of Bioinformatics Tools for the Prediction of Helper MicroRNAs for Improvement of Oncolytic Virus Efficacy

Figure 2

Overview of PKR signaling pathway. PKR is a member of innate immune system which in human is encoded by EIF2AK2 gene. After reovirus infection, PKR is phosphorylated and results in phosphorylation of eiF2α protein. eiF2α is a translation initiation factor and its inhibition leads to further cellular mRNA translation. PKR also results in nuclear placement of NF-κB which is a transcription factor and sets up an antiviral state in cell. miR-140 blocks PKR and inhibits its signaling pathway by degrading it.