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S. no | Author’s name, year, and reference | Location | Study design | No. of patients | Duration | Study center | Prognostic factors | Survival rate (1 LN) |
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1 | Mountain, 1994 [5] | Houston, Texas | Retrospective data review | 1,017 | 1983-1988 | University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center | Complete dissection of lymph node Complete tumor resection Number and level of lymph nodes involved Tumor status | 5-year survival rate (1LN): 37% 5-year survival rate (2-4 LN): 27% 5-year survival rate (>4 LN): 17% |
1,866 | 1977-88 | National Cancer Institute Cooperative Lung Cancer Study Group |
2 | Vansteenkiste et al., 1997 [13] | China | Retrospective data review | 140 | 1985-1993 | University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Catholic University Leuven | Complete tumor resection Performance status Histology analysis cN2 | 20.8% Mediastinoscopy-negative patients: 32.2% |
3 | Tanaka et al., 2004 [14] | Japan | Retrospective data review | 99 | — | Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University | Number of LN involved LN stations LN status Proliferative index | 5-year survival rate (1LN): 41.6% 5-year survival rate (2-4 LN): 35.3% 5-year survival rate (>4 LN): 0.0% |
4 | Barlési et al., 2005 [9] | France | Retrospective data review | 95 | 1993-2003 | Hospital Sainte Marguerite | LN clearance status Postoperative issues Selection of surgical strategy Complete tumor resection Blood and pleural invasion Downstaging | Survival rate: 20 vs. 16 months |
5 | Betticher et al., 2006 [15] | Switzerland | Trial | 75 | — | Clinic of Medical Oncology, Hospital of Fribourg | Complete tumor resection pathological response downstaging | OS: 35 months EFS: 15 months |
6 | Garrido et al., 2007 [16] | Spain | Trial | 62 | December 1999 to March 2003 | Hospital Ramon y Cajal | Complete tumor resection Clinical response years | Complete resection 3-year survival rate: 60.1% 5-year survival rate: 41.4% Incomplete resection 3-year survival rate: 23.1% 5-year survival rate: 11.5% Nonresected cases 3-year survival rate: 31.1% 5-year survival rate: 0% |
7 | Kim et al., 2007 [17] | Republic of Korea | Study report | 66 | — | Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine | ypN0 stage | 5 years OS: 27% DFS: 24% Local control rates: 90% |
8 | Kim et al., 2008 [18] | Republic of Korea | Study report | 42 | January 2001 to January 2006 | Yonsei University College of Medicine | Downstaging | 2 years DFS (without LN metastasis): 46% DFS (with LN metastasis): 18% |
9 | Lee et al., 2008 [19] | Republic of Korea | Retrospective data review | 262 | 1990-2005 | Yonsei University College of Medicine | LN stations Age Secondary CT | 5-year survival rate (1LN): 33.8% 5-year survival rate (multiple LN): 20.4% |
10 | Albain et al., 2009 [20] | USA | Phase II trial | 202 | — | Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine | LN stations Gender Weight reduction | Median OS: 23.6 months |
11 | Liu et al., 2012 [21] | China | Retrospective data review | 63 | 2004-2008 | Peking University First Hospital | LN stations Number and position of involved LNs | 2-year recurrence rate: 46.6% 3-year recurrence rate: 57.3% |
12 | Liu et al., 2013 [22] | China | Retrospective data review | 89 | 2003 to April 2007 | Peking University First Hospital | T3 stage LN invasion LN stations years Number and position of involved LNs >3 involved LN refer to worse prognosis | 3-year survival rate: 51.7% 5-year survival rate: 31.5% |
13 | Qiang et al., 2014 [23] | China | Retrospective data review | 92 | — | China-Japan Friendship Hospital | Number and location of involved LNs Subgrouping of MLN >3 involved LN refer to worse prognosis | 3-year recurrence rate: 61.0% 5-year recurrence rate: 70.2% |
14 | Yoo et al., 2015 [24] | Seoul, Korea | Retrospective data review | 206 | 1997 to 2004 | University of Ulsan College of Medicine | Number of metastatic LNs | 5-year OS: 37.7% |
15 | Chen et al., 2020 [10] | Taiwan | Retrospective data review | 77 | 2006 and 2014 | China Medical University Hospital | <3 cm of tumor LN and VATS approach | 1-year survival: 91.9% 3-year survival: 61.3% 5-year survival: 33.5% |
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