[Retracted] The Effect of Nonpharmacological Integrated Care Protocols on Patients with Fatigue Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Comparison of preintervention baseline characteristics between groups (continuous data, ).

Characteristic	Intervention group ()	Control group ()	Comparison ( value)
Overall fatigue^a&			0.863
Muscular fatigue^&			0.774
Mental fatigue^&			0.881
Overall perceived social support^b&			0.649
Extrafamilial support^&			0.481
The vitality of SF-36^c&			0.720
PQSI^d&			0.791
Depression^e&			0.399
Overall self-management behavior^f&			0.462
Compliance with recommendations for liquid intake^&			0.928
Hb (g/L)^&			0.462
ALB (g/L)^&			0.708
P (mmol/L)^&			0.057
Ca (mmol/L)^&			0.829
Fe (μmol/L)^&			0.705
TSAT^&			0.845
	Median ()	Median ()
CRP (mg/L)^#	4.61 (0.44, 12.96)	2.67 (0.34, 11.43)	0.808
PTH (pg/mL)^#	357.90 (159.2, 529.93)	391.90 (149.23, 652.73)	0.529
SF (μg/L)^#	219.90 (59.78, 504.50)	220.65 (54.58, 686.85)	0.919
Urea (mmol/L)^#	9.72 (6.34, 20.88)	8.44 (5.99, 20.88)	0.231
Intrafamilial support^g#	24.00 (20.00, 28.00)	24.00 (22.00, 24.00)	0.703
Anxiety^h#	3.00 (1.75, 5.00)	2.50 (0.25, 4.75)	0.339
Compliance with recommendations for sodium and protein intake^#	15.50 (11.75, 17.00)	17.00 (12.50, 17.00)	0.506
Compliance with recommendations for iron intake^#	5.00 (3.00, 6.50)	3.00 (3.00, 5.00)	0.042
Self-monitoring disease^#	6.00 (4.75, 6.25)	6.00 (5.25, 7.75)	0.515
Developing good habits^#	5.00 (5.00, 6.25)	5.00 (5.00, 5.00)	0.139
Protecting internal fistula^#	3.50 (1.00, 4.00)	4.00 (2.00, 4.00)	0.287
Maintaining personal health^#	5.00 (4.00, 5.25)	4.00 (3.25, 4.00)	0.373
Seeking knowledge^#	5.00 (2.00, 7.00)	5.00 (3.00, 7.00)	0.589
Developing interests and hobbies^#	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.283
Compliance with medication regimen^#	4.00 (4.00, 4.00)	4.00 (4.00, 4.00)	1

Abbreviations: Hb: hemoglobin; ALB: albumin; P: phosphorus; Ca: calcium; Fe: ferritin; SF: serum ferritin; TSAT: serum transferrin saturation; SF-36: 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; CRP: C-reactive protein; PTH: parathyroid hormone; SF: serum ferritin; Ur: urea. Bold values are statistically significant (). ^aTotal scores can range from 0 to 10, of which 0, 1–3, 4–6, and 7–10 indicate no symptoms, mild symptoms, moderate symptoms, and severe symptoms, respectively. ^bTotal support scores can range from 12 to 84, with higher scores indicating better perceived social support. ^cTotal scores can range from 0 to 145, with higher scores indicating better health. ^dTotal scores can range from 0 to 21, with ≤7 points indicating normal sleep and >7 points indicating a sleep disorder. ^eTotal scores can range from 0 to 21, with <7 points indicating no symptoms and ≥7 points indicating that symptoms are suspected or confirmed. ^fTotal scores can range from 25 to 100, with a higher score indicating better behavioral self-management. ^gIntrafamilial support scores ranged from 4 to 28, with higher scores indicating better perceived social support. ^hTotal scores can range from 0 to 21, with <7 points indicating no symptoms and ≥7 points indicating that symptoms are suspected or confirmed. ^&The variables were normally distributed and are expressed as the (SD). Two-tailed independent-sample -test, . ^#The variables were nonnormally distributed and are displayed as the , where the IQR is the difference between the 25th percentile () and the 75th percentile (). Mann-Whitney test, .