[Retracted] Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy on Ultrasound Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the included patients ().

Variables	Treatment groups
	US+NMES group ()	NMES group ()	US group ()	/
Age (year) ()				0.242	0.785
Gender ()				0.467	0.792
Male	30	31	27
Female	50	49	53
Nationality ()				0.173	0.917
Han ethnicity	65	66	67
Minorities	15	14	13
Height ()				0.089	0.915
Weight ()				0.0064	0.938
Education level ()				4.605	0.595
Middle school	43	46	38
High school	30	22	33
College	4	7	6
Master degree	3	5	3
Marital status ()				2.275	0.321
Married	13	14	20
Single	67	66	60
Course of disease ()				4.440	0.617
Low back pain	6	5	5
Beginning of nerve compression	42	31	35
Severe nerve compression	23	34	28
Atrophy of innervating nerves	9	10	12
Use of pain relievers ()				3.879	0.144
Yes	57	61	67
No	23	16	13
Medical history ()				4.183	0.124
Yes	59	69	61
No	21	11	19
Family history ()				2.312	0.315
Yes	57	64	64
No	23	16	16

Data was expressed as or . US: ultrasound; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; US+NMES: ultrasound combined with NMES.