Complex Brain Network Analysis and Its Applications to Brain Disorders: A Survey

Table 8

Overview of structural brain network studies in MS.

Study	Modality	Subjects	Node definition	Edge definition	Network type	Main findings
He et al., 2009 [128]	sMRI	102 MS; 42 HC	54 regions	Pearson correlation based on cortical thicknesses	Binary	(1) Decreased integrated absolute local and global efficiency with increasing TWMLL in MS.; (2) Decreased integrated relative local efficiency with increasing TWMLL in MS.
Tewarie et al., 2014 [129]	sMRI	102 MS; 42 HC	78 regions in AAL atlas	Pearson correlation based on cortical thicknesses	Weighted	(1) Higher normalized clustering coefficient in MS.; (2) Higher normalized shortest path length in MS.
Shu et al., 2011 [130]	DTI	39 MS; 39 HC	90 regions in AAL atlas	FN	Weighted	(1) Decreased global efficiency in MS.; (2) Decreased local efficiency in the sensorimotor, visual, default-mode, and language areas in MS.
Nigro et al., 2015 [131]	DTI	20; MD-MS; 22; ND-MS; 16 HC	90 regions in AAL atlas	FN	Weighted	(1) Increased path length in MS patients compared with HCs.; (2) Increased local path length in the right hippocampus and right amygdala in MD-MS compared with ND-MS and HC.
Shu et al., 2016 [132]	DTI	41 CIS; 32 MS; 35 HC	90 regions in AAL atlas	FN	Weighted	(1) Decreased network strength, global and local efficiency, and clustering coefficient and increased shortest path length in both CIS and MS.; (2) Increased gamma and sigma in MS compared with HC.; (3) Reduced network strength and global and local efficiency and increased shortest path length, gamma, and sigma in MS compared with CIS.
Llufriu et al., 2017 [133]	DTI	72 MS; 38 HC	84 regions in FreeSurfer	FA	Weighted	(1) Decreased transitivity and global efficiency and increased path length in MS.; (2) Increased betweenness centrality in right pallidum and left insula in MS.; (3) Decreased nodal strength in 26 of the 84 brain regions in MS.