Multifractal-Multiscale Analysis of Cardiovascular Signals: A DFA-Based Characterization of Blood Pressure and Heart-Rate Complexity by Gender

Figure 8

Multifractal index : comparison by sex. (a) Median ± standard error of the median; (b) statistics of Mann–Whitney tests for comparing males () and females (), as function of τ. Dashed horizontal lines represent the 5% significance threshold; values above the threshold (red dots) indicate differences significant at .

(a)

(b)