Effects of Empathy on the Evolutionary Dynamics of Fairness in Group-Structured Systems

Figure 6

The effects of the mutation probability u, the migration probability , the population size N, and the group number on the mean offer p when all players use empathetic strategies (). p increases with u in (a), increases with in (b), decreases with N in (c), and increases with M in (d). p of is less than or equal to the one of global migration or . Parameters: : (a) , (b) , (c) , and (d) .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)