Dynamically Dimensioned Search Grey Wolf Optimizer Based on Positional Interaction Information

Table 4

Experimental comparison results of the DGWO, DGWO-1, and DGWO-2 on 23 functions (m = 30).

Function	DGWO-1 (Mean ± St. dev.)	DGWO-2 (Mean ± St. dev.)	DGWO (Mean ± St. dev.)
	1.43E − 237 ± 0.00E + 00	8.73E − 32 ± 1.16E − 31	2.38E − 241 ± 0.00E + 00
	5.60E − 118 ± 3.06E − 149	3.84E − 19 ± 5.74E − 19	1.39E − 127 ± 7.05E − 127
	6.40E − 230 ± 0.00E + 00	2.74E − 04 ± 1.27E − 03	9.45E − 232 ± 0.00E − 00
	1.10E − 110 ± 5.94E − 110	3.34E − 01 ± 2.48E − 01	3.11E − 88 ± 1.70E − 87
	2.85E + 01 ± 8.56E − 02	2.84E + 01 ± 6.98E − 01	2.85E + 01 ± 1.28E − 01
	7.66E − 06 ± 7.36E − 06	2.42E + 00 ± 7.32E − 01	9.70E − 06 ± 4.71E − 06
	1.74E − 04 ± 1.23E − 04	4.35E − 03 ± 2.11E − 03	1.66E − 04 ± 1.40E − 04
	−1.22E + 04 ± 1.08E + 03	−5.97E + 03 ± 8.42E + 02	−1.06E + 04 ± 2.43E + 03
	0.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00	2.48E + 01 ± 1.24E + 01	0.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00
	8.88E − 16 ± 0.00E + 00	1.15E − 14 ± 3.73E − 15	8.88E − 16 ± 0.00E + 00
	0.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00	7.43E − 03 ± 1.11E − 02	0.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00
	3.82E − 06 ± 4.75E − 06	2.27E − 01 ± 1.85E − 01	1.79E − 06 ± 2.19E − 06
	5.47E − 05 ± 5.82E − 05	1.60E + 00 ± 4.21E − 01	2.49E − 05 ± 2.75E − 05
	4.89E + 00 ± 5.60E + 00	6.69E + 00 ± 5.01E + 00	2.94E + 00 ± 4.43E + 00
	3.76E − 04 ± 3.04E − 04	5.11E − 03 ± 8.56E − 03	3.56E − 04 ± 2.31E − 04
	−1.0316 ± 1.77E − 05	−1.0316 ± 2.83E − 08	−1.0303 ± 5.17E − 03
	0.3987 ± 1.00E − 03	0.3979 ± 6.65E − 07	0.3980 ± 2.11E − 04
	3.0007 ± 1.22E − 03	3.0001 ± 8.14E − 05	3.0001 ± 2.41E − 04
	−3.8566 ± 5.02E − 03	−3.8617 ± 1.71E − 03	−3.8590 ± 5.87E − 03
	−3.12163 ± 6.50E − 02	−3.2543 ± 8.34E − 02	−3.1725 ± 5.27E − 02
	−10.1433 ± 1.22E − 02	−8.1941 ± 2.93E + 00	−10.0984 ± 1.56E − 01
	−10.3958 ± 6.49E − 03	−9.8783 ± 1.73E + 00	−10.2969 ± 2.58E − 01
	−10.5221 ± 2.25E − 02	−10.0848 ± 1.75E + 00	−10.5334 ± 2.94E − 02
Losses (−)	14	19
Wins (+)	6	3
Approximations (≈)	3	1
Detected differences (α)	—	0.05