[Retracted] Automatic Grading for Complex Multifile Programs

Table 1

Current research issues in automatic grading system.

Issue	Approach	Results
Code variations are widely believed to impede program analysis because various source codes have to be recognized as the same [12]	Program normalization by using system dependence graph (SDG) implemented in prototype called normalizer	Successful for small-sized program, not big-sized or complex program
Most existing inlining algorithms not suitable for code analysis and interprocedural analysis can analyze the calling context but are very costly and cannot remove function call variations [13]	Inlining algorithm based on program dependence graph (PDGs) using simple function call tree (SCFT) applied to code normalization	Limited in dealing with programs with multiple files
Deals with multiplicity of solutions that exists for the same programming problems providing automated evaluation: immediate feedback for students and grading assignment of program [14]	Partitioned block by using control flow graph (CFG) and program behavior comparison with symbolic execution rather than textual context or concrete values	Solves a multitude of solution of problems but is complex in implementation for big scale program