Application of Soft Computing Techniques for the Analysis of Tractive Properties of a Low-Power Agricultural Tractor under Various Soil Conditions

Table 2

Statistics of experimental data by the soil type.

The parameter	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Standard deviation
Horizontal deformation (m)	0.01	0.05	0.03	0.01
Vertical load (N)	375.00	932.00	644.00	199.53
Sand
Soil compaction (kPa)	201.04	571.85	386.45	124.51
Soil moisture (%)	7.00	15.00	11.00	2.91
Traction force (N)	65.81	596.56	284.91	114.27
Tractive efficiency (%)	5.04	85.55	33.61	17.43
Fine sandy loam
Soil compaction (kPa)	102.69	498.11	300.85	125.92
Soil moisture (%)	11.00	24.00	17.76	4.82
Traction force (N)	99.78	787.63	339.94	140.15
Tractive efficiency (%)	4.45	85.71	33.44	17.39
Sandy loam
Soil compaction (kPa)	90.88	486.30	288.59	125.84
Soil moisture (%)	13.00	26.00	19.50	4.72
Traction force (N)	36.09	683.61	326.27	133.30
Tractive efficiency (%)	0.99	64.98	27.97	14.38
Silty clay loam
Soil compaction (kPa)	95.89	520.83	308.36	128.13
Soil moisture (%)	19.00	38.00	28.50	6.81
Traction force (N)	48.83	770.65	362.24	150.15
Tractive efficiency (%)	2.05	73.77	31.80	14.91