Application of Soft Computing Techniques for the Analysis of Tractive Properties of a Low-Power Agricultural Tractor under Various Soil Conditions

Table 3

Error metrics of best model performances.

Model	Train			Validation
	MAE	RMSE	R^2	MAE	RMSE	R^2
Traction force
ANN	0.026	0.037	0.957	0.029	0.040	0.954
ANN + GA	0.064	0.084	0.808	0.063	0.087	0.820
ANN_BP + GA	0.026	0.037	0.958	0.028	0.040	0.955
ANFIS	0.042	0.061	0.892	0.045	0.064	0.888
Tractive efficiency
ANN	0.022	0.030	0.975	0.024	0.037	0.954
ANN + GA	0.076	0.102	0.789	0.068	0.096	0.752
ANN_BP + GA	0.022	0.030	0.975	0.024	0.037	0.954
ANFIS	0.038	0.061	0.883	0.040	0.064	0.872