Real-Time Energy Management Strategy Based on Driver-Action-Impact MPC for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Table 1

Average error per second and RSME of the prediction results.

	1^st sec	2^nd sec	3^rd sec	4^th sec	5^th sec	RSME
LSTM result (km/h)	0.0908	0.2190	0.4431	0.87374	1.0851	1.1233
MLP result (km/h)	0.4380	0.5648	0.7601	1.0072	1.5443	1.3886