Complexity

Research Article

Critical Factors to Achieve Sustainability of Public-Private Partnership Projects in the Water Sector: A Stakeholder-Oriented Network Perspective

Coding of stakeholder groups and influencing factors in water PPP projects.


Stakeholders		Factors		Deleted nodes

S₁	Local government	L₁	Value of money in lifecycle	S₄L₁

S₂	Private company	L₂	Sustainable cash flow	S₆L₂, S₇L₂

S₃	SPV	L₃	Fiscal pressure of government	S₆L₃, S₇L₃

S₄	Financial investors	L₄	Value-added benefits to land around the projects	S₄L₄, S₆L₄

S₅	Construction company	L₅	Public satisfaction	S₄L₅
S₅	Construction company	L₆	Corporate-social responsibility	S₆L₆, S₇L₆

S₆	General public	L₇	Legal underpinning and institutional arrangements	S₂L₇, S₃L₇, S₄L₇, S₅L₇, S₆L₇, S₇L₇

S₇	Water dweller	L₈	Government management capacity	S₂L₈, S₃L₈, S₄L₈, S₅L₈, S₆L₈, S₇L₈
		L₉	Effect on water quality	S₄L₉
		L₁₀	Reduction of energy consumption	S₄L₁₀, S₆L₁₀, S₇L₁₀
		L₁₁	Usage of recycled material and green innovation technology	S₄L₁₁, S₆L₁₁, S₇L₁₁
		L₁₂	Ecology and biodiversity	S₄L₁₂
		L₁₃	Construction quality	S₄L₁₃, S₆L₁₃
		L₁₄	Trust and communication among organizations	S₆L₁₄, S₇L₁₄
		L₁₅	Management capacity	S₄L₁₅, S₇L₁₅
		L₁₆	Environmental design	S₄L₁₆, S₇L₁₆